The two main rivers near Goias Velho originate in springs in the Serra Dourado. In the west, far from the town, there is the Rio Uru near the old village of Ouro Fino. flowing to the Rio Tocantins. On the other side of the mountain in the area where the pioneers first discovered gold with the local Indians is the Rio Vermelho which comes down the foothills and bisects Vila Boa de Goias, before flowing into the Rio Araguaia, hundreds of kilometers away.